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Friday, September 11, 2009
Caster Semenya
So the story of the South African runner Caster Semenya is getting me really heated up. She's a world champion runner, 18 years old... and may be potentially disqualified because of the results of "gender" test which indicate that she is a hermaphrodite. Mind you, her external phenotype is female (no on penis, yes on vagina)... she identifies as a woman, and was raised as a woman. Her family says she's a woman. So she's certainly not "lying" about anything.
So what is the controversy? Test results have shown that she has no ovaries and that she has testosterone producing glands which have elevated her levels of testosterone to abnormally high levels.... no word yet on if they are going to do an actual chromosome test to she if she is actually XX or XY. Ok, fine. She has an endocrine abnormality. So do millions of people. Every single woman with thinning hair, polycystic ovarian syndrome, metabolic problems, etc. has elevated levels of testosterone. Every woman post-menopause has decreased levels of estrogen (some abnormally low). Many men have physiological problems such as renal dysfunction as a result of too much estrogen production. And millions of people have chromosome abnormalities and other genetic defects which mess with their hormone levels. Do we suddenly cease to classify these people as a man or a woman? Do we tell them they can't participate in world championship races? No. That's called DISCRIMINATION.
Granted I realize this is about male/female races, and about making sure no one has unfair advantage over their opponents due to physiology... but really, folks....this is just wrong.
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It is a tricky issue. On the outside she has a female body, but if I understand this correctly she has XY genotype and internal testicles. She must be frustrated and confused too since this is likely the first she is finding out about this.
ReplyDeleteAlthough it may give her an unfair advantage, she almost certainly didn't "cheat." It seems unfair to take away the medal of someone who worked so hard to get to this level even if she did have a slight advantage.
The real question is how should she compete in the future. Now that we know she has internal testicles producing testosterone she does have a known significant advantage other women won't have. It seems unfair to other female atheletes to let her keep running as a woman, but she is still a woman with an otherwise female body so she would be at a disadvantage if she were asked to compete against male world-class sprinters. I don't know how they should treat her future competitions.
But she worked hard for the gold medal she has and she should keep it.
Hey Dr. D,
ReplyDeleteI can't find anything that says she is XY... which would be a different story... but I believe they have not tested (or at least released the results) yet. If you have this, please send me the link. I'm interested... because that changes things.
Thanks for writing!
It was a guess based on my faint memories of first year med school. I vaguely recall that this particular hermaphroditism is usually XY. Testicles form, but the plumbing fails to change to the male anatomy. Female is the default setting if the signal to make a penis is missed.
ReplyDeleteI am not aware of any chromosomal testing on Caster Semenya. You may be closer to embryology than I so feel free to correct me.
(Interpret: Doctor D is too lazy to look this up so he pimps the med student to look it up for him.)
My understanding is that she has partial androgen-insensitivity syndrom (pAIS), aka "Testicular feminization" syndrome.
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